The Sultanate of Makasar was a sultanate in the 17th century, District of Makasar, prov. South Sulawesi.
The Makassar Sultanate was an Islamic sultanate in southern Sulawesi in the 17th century, which at first consisted of a number of small warring kingdoms. This area was then united by the twin kingdoms, namely the Gowa kingdom and the Tallo kingdom to become the Makassar Sultanate.
District of Makasar
* Foto sultanate of Makasar: link
* Foto war Makasar – VOC, 1660-1669: link
Line of kingdoms on Sulawesi: link
Foto kingdoms on Sulawesi
* Foto kings on Sulawesi today: link
* Foto kings on Sulawesi in the past: link
* Foto old sites on Sulawesi: link
Video history kingdoms on Sulawesi
– Video history kingdoms on Sulawesi, 40.000 BC – 2018: link
– Video history kingdoms on South Sulawesi, 1AD – 2020: link
– Video history kingdoms on Sulawesi Tenggara, 50.000 BC – 2020: link
– Video history kingdoms on North Sulawesi, 4000 BC – today: link
SULTANATE OF MAKASAR
History of the sultanate of Makasar
The Sultanate of Makassar was an Islamic sultanate in southern Sulawesi in the 16th century AD which at first was composed of a number of small kingdoms fighting each other. The area was united by the twin kingdoms of the Kingdom of Gowa and Tallo kingdom and became the Sultanate of Makassar. In the beginning of the Sultanate of Makassar there were two small kingdoms, called Kingdom of Gowa and Tallo Kingdom, located in the south-western peninsula of Sulawesi with a strategic position in the spice trade.
In a fairly long period, the Sultanate of Makassar (Gowa-Tallo) was involved in competition with the kingdom of Bone. The rivalry between the two forces eventually involved the intervention of the Netherlands in a battle called Makassar War (1660-1669).
Later in the war the sultanate of Makassar was led by Sultan Hasannudin, but he could not break the power of the Kingdom of Bone, which was aided by the Dutch, who wanted to rule Makassar. Then Hasannudin was forced by the VOC to sign the Bungaya Agreement (18 November 1667) as a sign of surrender to the VOC.
Makassar was a free port that was important for all foreign traders and local merchants. This free trade lead to conflict with the Dutch, who wanted to force restrictions on shipping and monopoly of the spice trade. The dispute with the Netherlands eventually led to the collapse of the Sultanate of Makassar.
The Bungaya Agreement. Below is the content of the agreement between the Sultanate of Makassar with VOC (Dutch):
- VOC gained monopoly rights in Makassar.
2. VOC was allowed to establish a fort in Makassar.
3. Makassar must release the colony like Bone.
4. All foreign nationals are expelled from Makassar, except VOC.
5. The Kingdom of Makassar was minimized as Gowa.
6. Makassar pay all debts of the war.
7. Aru Palaka was recognized as King of Bone.
The history of Makasar, Gowa and Tallo is connected.
– Kingdom of Gowa
– Kingdom of Tallo
List of kings
* 1591-1629: Sultan Alauddin
* 1639-1653: Sultan Muhammad Said
* 1653-1669: Sultan Hasanuddin
– Sumber / Source: Wiki
Sultan Hasanuddin
Grave of Makasar / Gowa
The tomb of Sultan Hasanudin is located in Katangka, Kec. Somba Opu, Kab. Gowa.
Fortress of Rotterdam
Fort Rotterdam is a 17th-century fort in Makassar on the island of Sulawesi in Indonesia. It is a Dutch fort built on top of an existing fort of the Gowa Kingdom. The first fort on the site was constructed by the a local sultan in around 1634, to counter Dutch encroachments. The site was ceded to the Dutch under the Treaty of Bongaya, and they completely rebuilt it between 1673 and 1679. It had six bastions and was surrounded by a seven meter high rampart and a two meter deep moat.
The fort was the Dutch regional military and governmental headquarters until the 1930s. It was extensively restored in the 1970s and is now a cultural and educational centre, a venue for music and dance events, and a tourist destination.
Kesultanan dan Kerajaan di Indonesia 