Kingdom of Tarumanagara / West Java

The Kingdom of Tarumanagara: 358 – 699. Located on West Java.

Provinsi West Jawa

* Foto old Jawa, ancient sites and Batavia (Jakarta): link

History of the kingdom

Tarumanagara or Taruma Kingdom or just Taruma was an early Sundanese Indianised kingdom, whose 5th-century ruler, Purnawarman, produced the earliest known inscriptions on Java island. The kingdom was located not far from modern Jakarta, and according to Tugu inscription Purnavarman apparently built a canal that changed the course of the Cakung River, and drained a coastal area for agriculture and settlement. In his inscriptions, Purnavarman associated himself with Vishnu, and Brahmins ritually secured the hydraulic project. Tarumanagara is believed was existed between 358–669 CE in Western Java region, in and around modern day Bogor, Bekasi and Jakarta, roughly corresponds to modern Greater Jakarta area.

The earliest known written records of Tarumanagara existence were inscribed in stone inscriptions. Inscribed stone is called prasasti in Indonesian. Numbers of stone inscriptions dated from Tarumanagara period was discovered in Western Java region.

After 670, Tarumanagara was divided into two kingdoms: Sunda Kingdom and Galuh Kingdom with the Citarum river as the boundary. Then Galuh Kingdom comprised many vassal kingdoms which covered areas of present-day West and present-day Central Java Provinces.
– Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarumanagara

Prasasti Tugu: 1600-year-old stone inscription from the era of Purnawarman, king of Tarumanagara, founded in Tugu sub-district of Jakarta.

Evidence of existing of kingdom of Tarumanagara

The evidence of the existence of Taruma Kingdom is known by seven stone inscriptions found. Five in Bogor, one in Jakarta and one in Lebak Banten. From these inscriptions it is known that the kingdom was led by Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman in 358 AD and he reigned until 382 AD Tomb of Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman was around the river Gomati (Bekasi area). The Kingdom of Tarumanegara is a continuation of the Kingdom of Salakanagara.
These 7 stone-inscriptions are:
1) Prasasti Kebon Kopi,  400 M (H Kern 1917),
2) Prasasti Tugu, found in Kampung Batutumbu, Desa Tugu, Kecamatan Tarumajaya, Kabupaten Bekasi, now in the museum of Jakarta.
3) Prasasti Cidanghiyang atau Prasasti Munjul,found in the river Cidanghi,
4) Prasasti Ciaruteun, Ciampea, Bogor.
5) Prasasti Muara Cianten, Ciampea, Bogor.
6) Prasasti Jambu, Nanggung, Bogor
7) Prasasti Pasir Awi, Citeureup, Bogor

Location kingdom of Tarumanagara

Click to enlarge --- klik untuk memperbesar

First rulers

According to the book Nusantara, Maharshi Rajadirajaguru Jayasingawarman founded the Tarumanagara kingdom in 358. Jayasingawarman originated from Salankayana, India that collapsed after the invasion of Samudragupta from Gupta Empire. After re-settling in Western Java, he married a Sundanese princess daughter of King Dewawarman VIII of Salakanagara. He died in 382 and was buried at the bank of Kali Gomati river (present-day Bekasi city). His son, Dharmayawarman ruled from 382 to 395. His burial site is at Chandrabaga river. His grandson Purnawarman was the third king of Tarumanagara and reigned from 395 to 434.
– Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarumanagara

List of rulers

  • Jayasingawarman, 358 – 382
  • Dharmayawarman, 382 to 395. His burial site is at Chandrabaga river.
  • Purnawarman, 395 – 434. Produced large numbers of inscriptions
  • Wisnuwarman, 434 – 455
  • Indrawarman, 455 – 515
  • Candrawarman, 515 – 535
  • Suryawarman, 535 – 561. Established new capital, left old capital of Sundapura, a new settlement was established inland in Kendan near modern Garut
  • Kertawarman, 561 – 628. Establishment of Tarumanagara’s colony Galuh Kingdom in 612 by Wretikandayun, the grandson of Manikmaya.
  • Linggawarman, 628 – 650. Marriage arrangement with Dapunta Hyang Sri Jayanasa of Srivijaya and the second daughter of King Linggawarman, Princess Sobakancana.
  • Tarusbawa, c. 670 – 690. Disintegration of Tarumanagara into Sunda Kingdom and Galuh Kingdom and independence of Galuh. Srivijayan invasion according to Kota Kapur inscription.

Source (english)

– History of Tarumanagara: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarumanagara
– Prasasti Tugu (inscriptions): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tugu_inscription

Source (only indon. language)

– Sejarah kerajaan Tarumanagara: http://www.zonasiswa.com/2014/05/sejarah-kerajaan-tarumanagara.html
– Sejarah kerajaan Tarumanagara: http://iwak-pithik.blogspot.co.id/2012/10/sejarah-kerajaan-tarumanegara.html
– Sejarah kerajaan Tarumanagara di Wiki: https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarumanagara
– Sejarah kerajaan Tarumanagara: http://sejarahbudayanusantara.weebly.com/kerajaan-tarumanagara.html
– Daftar Raja: link

– 7 Prasasti peninggalan kerajaan Tarumanagara: http://www.yudhe.com/7-prasasti-peninggalan-kerajaan-tarumanegara/
– Bukti keberadaan kerajaan Trumanagara: https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bukti_keberadaan_Kerajaan_Tarumanegara