Kingdom of Kedaro / Isl. of Lombok – Prov. Nusa Tenggara Barat

The kingdom of Kedaro, 571 – 835, was located on the island of Lombok, prov. Nusa Tenggara Barat.

Lokation Belongas (Kedaro) on Lombok

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Lokation island of Lombok

* List of the kingdoms on Lombok: link

* Video history kingdoms on Lombok and NTB: link

* Foto of the Sasak People in the past: link
* Foto of the Sasak People today: link

* Foto intervention of the dutch on Lombok, 1894: link
* Foto old sites on Lombok: link

KINGDOM OF KEDARO

History of the kingdom of Kedaro, 571 – 835

Kedaro is an ancient kingdom located in Belongas, its king was named Ratu Maspanji; he came from Java, then moved to Pengantap with the name Kedatuan Samarkaton. The remains of this principality is the royal clothing kept by Amaq Darminah in Belongas.
Similarly, ceremonial tools such as gongs are still preserved in Penujak, The kedatuan Kedaro ended when it was attacked by the kingdom of Langko which was led by Patih Singarepa and Patih Singaulung.

List of kings of Kedaro

1) Sayyidina Syeh Pangeran Ariya Layangsari, 571 – 595
2) Sayyidina Syeh Pangeran Ariya Tumurun, 595 – 655
3) Sayyidina Syeh Pangeran Ariya Layangsari, 655 – 690
4) Sayyidina Syeh Pangeran Ariya Tumurun, 690 – 745
5) Sayyidina Syeh Pangeran Ariya Panjisari. 745 – 810.

The last king moved to establish a new kingdom in the south of the island of Lombok called the Tela Kingdom.

Kingdom of Tela

1) Sayyidina Syeh Pangeran Ariya Panjisari, 810 – 830,
2) Pangeran Ariya Zohor or his nickname Pangeran Ariya Satus, 830 – 870.

Tela Kingdom was disbanded, because it was attacked by the Bayan Kingdom and the Seleparang Kingdom.
It was at this point that the last king moved again to establish a kingdom called the Sawung Kingdom.

Kingdom of Suwung

The Sawung Kingdom was founded around the year 870 to 960. The Sawung Kingdom was disbanded because it was attacked by the Kahuripan Kingdom.
King of Sawung, Pangeran Ariya Zohor or Pangeran Ariya Satus founded a new kingdom with the name Lesong Kingdom.

Lesong Kingdom

1) The first Lesung Kingdom was led by Pangeran Ariya Zohor or Pangeran Ariya Satus, 960 – 970
2) The second period of the Lesung Kingdom was led by Pemban Hamangkuwi, 970 – 1040
3) The third period was led by Demung Hamedaruwi, around 1040 – 1098.
4) The fourth period was led by Raden Nune Paper, around 1098 – 1140.
5) The fifth period was led by Raden Nune Mentas, around 1140 – 1200.

The last king moved to the middle of Lombok Island by establishing a new kingdom called the Panuhal Kingdom.

Kingdom of Panuhal

1) The first king was Raden Nune Haqaqi or Raden Nune Kakek, about 1200 – 1250.
2) Raden Nune Meles, about 1250 – 1310.
3) Raden Nune Galar,  1310 – 1350.
4) Raden Nune Sumbung, about 1350 – 1400.
5) Raden Nune Payasan, about 1400 – 1480.
6) Raden Nune Surak or Raden Nune Masrik, about 1480 – 1500.
7) Raden Nune Gde Sudarme, about 1500 – 1582.
8) Raden Nune Arsine, about 1582 – 1590.
9) Raden Nune Wiratih, about 1590 – 1650
10) Raden Nune Kurama, about 1650 – 1700.
11) Raden Nune Hamid, about 1700 – 1750.
12) Raden Ocet Jiah, about 1750 – 1800.
13) Raden Abdurrahim, about 1800 – 1816.

Then the name of this kingdom was changed into kingdom of Padukuhan Panutan.

Kingdom of Padukuhan Panutan

1) Raden Nurmat or Raden Urmat, about 1816 – 1847.
2) Raden Patek Serionom, about 1847 – 1890.
3) Raden Abdul Wahab, about 1890 – 1927.
4) Raden Sulaiman, about 1927 – 1942.
5) Raden Batah, about 1942 – 1943.

Finally the was became menjadi Desa Panujak, because theree was a new government in Indonesia.

History of the kingdoms on Lombok
.
According to the contents of Babad Lombok, the oldest kingdom that once ruled on Lombok, was named kingdom of Laeq (in sasak laeq means past time), but another source namely Babad Suwung, declared that the oldest kingdom in Lombok was the Kingdom of Suwung, built and led by King Betara Indera. The kingdom of Suwung then was replaced by the kingdom of Lombok. In the 9th century until the 11th century existed the Sasak Kingdom which was later defeated by one of the kingdoms, who came from Bali at that time.

In Lombok, in its development, there are traces of the four main kingdoms, namely the Kingdom of Bayan in the west, Selaparang Kingdom in the East, Langko Kingdom in the middle, and Pejanggik Kingdom in the south. In addition to these four kingdoms, there were small kingdoms, such as Parwa and Sokong and several small villages, such as Pujut, Tempit, Kedaro, Batu Dendeng, Kuripan, Samarkaton and Kentawang. All these kingdoms and villages became independent territory after the Majapahit kingdom collapsed. Among the most prominent and most famous kingdoms and villages was the Lombok Kingdom based in Labuhan Lombok.

The Dutch had first visited Lombok in 1674 and the Dutch East India Company concluded its first treaty with the Sasak Princess of Lombok. The Balinese had managed to take over the whole island by 1750, but Balinese infighting resulted in the island being split into four feuding Balinese kingdoms. In 1838, the Mataram kingdom brought its rivals under control.

During one of the many Sasak peasant rebellions against the Balinese, Sasak chiefs sent envoys to the Dutch in Bali and invited them to rule Lombok. In June 1894, the governor general of the Dutch East Indies, Van der Wijck, signed a treaty with Sasak rebels in eastern Lombok. He sent a large army to Lombok and the Balinese raja capitulated to Dutch demands. (see Dutch intervention in Lombok) The younger princes however overruled the raja and attacked and pushed back the Dutch. The Dutch counterattacked overrunning Mataram and the raja surrendered. The entire island was annexed to the Netherlands East Indies in 1895. The Dutch ruled over Lombok’s 500,000 people with a force of no more than 250 by cultivating the support of the Balinese and Sasak aristocracy. The Dutch are remembered in Lombok as liberators from Balinese hegemony.

Entrance of Islam on Lombok

Prior to the entry of Islam, the people who inhabit Lombok consecutively believed animism, dynamism and then Hinduism. Islam first entered through the “wali” of the island of Java, namely sunan Prapen in about the 16th century, after the collapse of the Majapahit kingdom.
In conveying the teachings of Islam, the wali’s did not necessarily eliminate the old habits of people, who still embraced the old faith. There was even acculturation between Islam and the culture of the local community, because the spreaders were using local customs to facilitate the delivery of Islam. The religious teachings of that day were rewritten in Old Javanese. Even the shahadah for the Wetu Telu followers was accompanied by a sentence in Old Javanese. In those days, those who were required to perform the worship. were the kiai.When the kingdom of Lombok was led by king Rangkesari, Prince Prapen, son of Sunan Ratu Giri, came to Islamize the kingdom of Lombok. In Babad Lombok is mentioned, this Islamic is an effort of Raden Paku or Sunan Ratu Giri from Gersik, Surabaya who ordered the kings of East Java and Palembang to spread Islam to various regions in the archipelago. The process of Islam by Sunan Prapen got a lively result, until several years later the whole island of Lombok embraced Islam, except for some places that still retain the old customs.

Source Kedaro (indon. language)

– Tentang kedatuan Kedaro: http://gdefik.blogspot.co.id/2012/10/kedatuan-kedaro.html
– Kedatuan kuno (Kedaro): http://suparmanol.blogspot.co.id/2010/12/sejarah-kedatuan-sasak.html

Source old kingdoms on Lombok (only indon. language)

– Sejarah Kedatuan kuno Sasak: http://suparmanol.blogspot.co.id/2010/12/sejarah-kedatuan-sasak.html
– Sejarah Kedatuan kuno Sasak: http://gdefik.blogspot.co.id/2012/10/kedatuan-di-gumi-sasak-1.html
– Sejarah kerajaan di Lombok: http://melayuonline.com/ind/history/dig/307/kerajaan-lombok
– Sejarah pulau Lombok di Wiki:  https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulau_Lombok#Sejarah

Source entering Islam on Lombok (only indon. language)

– Masuk Islam di Lombok: http://fadlisworld.blogspot.co.id/2014/09/sejarah-masuknya-islam-di-lombok.html
– Masuk Islam di Lombok: http://situs9.blogspot.co.id/2014/08/masuk-dan-berkembangnya-agama-islam-di.html

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